Evolution Of Humans Essay Human evolution is the biological and cultural development of humans. A human isany member of the species Homo sapiens, meaning wise man. Since at leastthe Upper Paleolithic era, some 40, years ago, every human society hasdevised a creation myth to explain how humans came to be The main purpose of this essay is to discuss the human evolution with recent discoveries and how these make life easier and comfortable for humans all over the world. The history of human evolution is basically the development of human being in every race of History of the Evolution of Homo Sapiens The Evolution of Humans The evolution of humans was (and is) a very important time. The first being of evolution was Australopithecus Afarensis or “Lucy”. Then we moved on to Homo erectus and Homo Neanderthal. When the weather got hotter, we were Homo Sapiens Sapiens and finally, the modern man
Essay on Human Evolution: Top 6 Essays | Biology
Essay on human evolution use cookies to give you the best experience possible. Human evolution is the biological and cultural development of humans. A human isany member of the species Homo sapiens, meaning wise man.
Since at leastthe Upper Paleolithic era, some 40, years ago, every human society hasdevised a creation myth to explain how humans came to be. Creation myths arebased on cultural beliefs that have been adopted as a legitimate explanation bya society as to where we came from. The science of paleoanthropology, which alsotries to create a narrative about how humans came to be, is deeply technical, essay on human evolution. Paleoantropology is the science of the evolution of humans, and it is the baseof all research in that field.
Humans have undergone many different changesduring the last hundred million years, and it is the paleoanthropologists jobto identify and explain these changes. In this research paper I will examine:human physical traits that define their species, human origins from pre-humansto modern humans, major discoveries and the history of human evolution, and whatthe future may hold as far as evolution for the human species.
Homo sapiens arethe only living representative of the family Hominidae. The Hominidae, essay on human evolution, orhominids are a group of upright walking primates with relatively large brains. So all humans are hominids, but not all hominids could be called human. Next allhumans are primates.
The mammalian order of primates include about speciesof prosimians lemur like animalsmonkeys, apes, and ourselves. Primates areunusual mammals for they have evolved such distinctive traits as highlydeveloped binocular vision, mobile fingers and toes with flat nails instead ofclaws, a shortened snout with a reduced sense of smell, and large brainsrelative to body size.
If primates are unusual for mammals, humans are even moreunusual for primates. We are essentially elaborated African apes. We sharealmost 99 percent of our genetic material with chimpanzees. Yet we have severaltraits that are very different. Two legged walking, or bipedalism seems to beone of the earliest of the major hominine characteristics to have evolved. Toaccommodate this strange position, we have developed a specialized pelvis, hipand leg muscles, and an S-shaped vertebral column.
Because these changes can bedocumented in fossil bone, bipedalism is seen as the defining trait of the subfamily Homininae. Much of the human ability to make and use tools and otherobjects stem from the large size and complexity of the human brain.
Most modernhumans have a braincase volume of between In thecourse of human evolution the size of the essay on human evolution has more than tripled. Theincrease in brain size may be related to changes in hominine behavior. Over timestone tools, and other artifacts became increasingly numerous and sophisticated. It is likely that the increase in human brain size took place as part of acomplex interrelationship that included the elaboration of tool use and toolmaking, as well as other learned skills which permitted our ancestors to beincreasingly able to live in a variety of environments, essay on human evolution.
The earliest homininefossils show evidence of marked differences in body size, which may reflect apattern of the different sexes in our early ancestors. The bones suggest thatfemales may have been 3 to 4 ft in height and about 60 to 70 lb.
in weight,while males may have been somewhat more than about 5 ft tall, weighing about lb. The reasons for this body size difference are disputed, but may be relatedto specialized patterns of behavior in early hominine social groups.
Thisextreme difference between sexes appears to disappear gradually sometime after amillion years ago. The third major trend in hominine development is the gradualdecrease in the size of the face and teeth.
All the great apes are equipped withlarge, tusklike canine teeth that project well beyond the level of the otherteeth. The earliest hominine remains possess canines that project slightly, butthose of all later hominines show a marked reduction in size. Also, the chewingteeth, the premolars and molars, have decreased in size over time. Associatedwith these changes is a gradual reduction in the size of the face and jaws. Inearly hominines, the face was large and positioned in front of the braincase.
Asthe teeth became smaller and the brain expanded, the face became smaller and itsposition changed. Thus, the relatively small face of modern humans is locatedbelow, rather than in front of, the large, essay on human evolution, expanded braincase. Evidence ofimmediate relatives of the human species begins about five million years agowith the Australopithecus genus and leads in to the primitive Homo genus tomodern humans. The nature of the humans evolution before that is uncertain,but scientists have hypothesized some ideas.
What they do know is that between 7and 20 million years ago, primitive apelike animals were widely distributed onthe African and later on the Eurasian essay on human evolution. Although many fossil bones andteeth have been found, the way of life of these creatures, and theirevolutionary relationships to the living apes and humans, essay on human evolution matters ofstrong disagreement among scientists.
One of these fossil apes, known asSivapithecus, essay on human evolution, appears to share many features with the living Asian great ape andthe orangutan, whose direct ancestor it may well be. None of these fossils,however, offers convincing evidence of being on the evolutionary line leading tothe hominid family generally. But they do help paint a picture of what earlyhuman relatives could have been like. The convincing fossil evidence for humanevolution begins with Australopithecus.
Fossils of this genus have beendiscovered in a number of sites in eastern and southern Africa, and were firstidentified in South Africa in Earliest fossils show them existing about3.
All the australopithecines were efficientlybipedal and thus indisputable hominines. In details of their teeth, jaws, andbrain size, however, they differ enough among themselves to warrant divisioninto four species: A. afarensis, A. africanus, A. robustus, essay on human evolution A. Theearliest australopithecine is A. afarensis, which lived in eastern Africabetween 3 and 3. Found in the Afar region of what is nowEthiopia and in Tanzania, A.
afarensis had a brain size a little larger thanthose of chimpanzees. Some of the species possessed canine teeth somewhat moreprojecting than those of later hominines. No tools of any kind have been foundwith A. afarensis fossils. Between about 2.
afarensis apparently evolved into a later australopithecine, A. Knownprimarily from sites in southern Africa, A. africanus possessed a brain similarto that of its predecessor.
However, although the size of the chewing teethremained large, the canines, instead of projecting, grew only to the level ofthe other teeth. As with A. afarensis, no stone tools have been found inassociation with A. africanus fossils. By about 2. An evolutionary split seems to haveoccurred in the hominine line, with one group evolving toward the genus Homo,and finally to modern humans, and the others developing into australopithecinespecies that eventually became extinct, essay on human evolution.
The australopithecine species thateventually became extinct includes the robust australopithecines, A. robustus,that lived in southern Africa, and A. boisei, found only in eastern Africa.
Therobust australopithecines represent an unusual adaptation because theirprincipal difference from other australopithecines lies in the large size oftheir chewing teeth, jaws, and jaw muscles. The robust australopithecines becameextinct about 1. Although essay on human evolution do not agree, manybelieve that after the evolutionary split that led to robust australopithecines,A. africanus evolved into the genus Homo.
And, perhaps as a result of some mental connection otherhominids were unable to make, Homo habilis figured out for the first time how tomake tools. Earlier species had used tools like bits of bone for digging, orsticks for fishing termites out of their mounds something modern chimps stilldo.
But Homo habilis deliberately hammered on rocks to crack and flake theminto useful shapes. The tools were probably not used for hunting, as scientistsonce thought. Homo habilis, on average, was less than 5 ft. tall and weighedunder lbs. Even other scavengers like hyenas, jackals and the such werestronger and tougher than early humans. But Homo habilis presumably had theintelligence to anticipate the habits of predators and scavengers, essay on human evolution, and probablyused tools to butcher leftovers quickly and get back to safety.
Theiradaptations to the rigors of prehistoric African life enabled members of theHomo habilis species to survive foryears or more, and essay on human evolution least onegroup of them apparently evolved, around 2 million years ago. Around this time,East African mammals adapted to drier more open grassland conditions.
It wasabout this time that the new form of human emerged in Africa, a hominid with amuch larger brain, excellent vision, and limbs and hips fully adapted to anupright posture. Paleoanthropologists call this hominid Homo Erectus, a humanmuch taller than its diminutive predecessors, standing on average five feet essay on human evolution tall, with hands capable of precision gripping and many kinds oftool-making.
The skull is more rounded than those of earlier hominids, but stillhad a sloping forehead and retreating brow ridges. Homo Erectus was morenumerous and more adaptable than Homo habilis, and, on present evidence, was amuch longer lived essay on human evolution. Archaeological sites for this species appear athigher, cooler elevations in southern, eastern, and northern Africa.
Homoerectus may have been a skilled big game hunter, capable of organizing quiteelaborate hunting and foraging expeditions, and using multipurpose axes andcleaving tools. Like all hunters and foragers, Homo Erectus had probably learnedto live with natural fires and was not afraid of them. In time, essay on human evolution, the new hominidmay have made a habit of conserving fire, taking advantage of smoldering treestumps ignited by lightning strikes and other natural causes to light dry bush.
Then came the biggest step of all, the making of fire, essay on human evolution.
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Nov 19, · Human evolution is the biological and cultural development of the species Homo sapiens sapiens, or human beings. Humans evolved from apes because of their similarities. This can be shown in the evidence that humans had a decrease in the size of the face and teeth that evolved. Early humans are classified in ten different types of blogger.comted Reading Time: 6 mins The main purpose of this essay is to discuss the human evolution with recent discoveries and how these make life easier and comfortable for humans all over the world. The history of human evolution is basically the development of human being in every race of History of the Evolution of Homo Sapiens Evolution Of Humans Essay Human evolution is the biological and cultural development of humans. A human isany member of the species Homo sapiens, meaning wise man. Since at leastthe Upper Paleolithic era, some 40, years ago, every human society hasdevised a creation myth to explain how humans came to be
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